The Human Rights Watch submission to the African Court sets out Senegal’s specific legal failures in Khar Yalla against the full architecture of its international obligations, including the African Charter, the ICESCR, the CRC, and the CEDAW.

It identifies violations of the rights to adequate housing, electricity, health, education, and cultural life, including the severing of traditional fishing practices recognised as a protected minority cultural right.

The brief calls on the court to affirm five categories of binding state obligations covering prevention, rights-respecting adaptation, durable solutions, participatory decision-making, and international cooperation, including the duty of high-emitting states to finance climate adaptation in vulnerable low-income countries.

Sources: HRW submission to the African Court, March 2026; “Waiting for God,” August 2025; ACHPR Resolution 153; SERAC and CESR v Nigeria, African Commission; ICJ advisory opinion, 2025.